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Xavier Castellanos studied Chomskian linguistics at Vassar College, experimental psychology at the University of New Orleans, and medicine at Louisiana State University in Shreveport. He was in the first cohort of “triple board” residents (combined training in pediatrics, psychiatry, and child and adolescent psychiatry) at the University of Kentucky, after which he spent a decade conducting child psychiatry research at the National Institute of Mental Health in Bethesda. In 2001, he moved to New York University, where he is an endowed Professor of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry and Professor of Radiology and Neuroscience at the NYU Grossman School of Medicine. He has been a research psychiatrist at the Nathan Kline Institute since 2006, with a focus on using intrinsic functional connectivity-based approaches in human and translational studies. He was an early advocate of examining low-frequency fluctuations in brain function and in behavior – both of which have become mainstream lines of investigation. He has been consistently identified as among the top 1% of cited scientists in psychiatric neuroscience. Dr. Castellanos has served on many national and international review committees, and was Vice-Chair of the American Psychiatric Association DSM-5 Workgroup on ADHD.